![]() ![]() This means, according to our analysis, that war crimes could already have taken place before March 2022’ explains Dr Chiara Redealli. ![]() Demonstrate analytical and logical knowledge on issues of conflict and peace. Expected Learning Outcomes of the Programme. underpinned by critical analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. What has changed, since February 2022, is the intensity of the violence and its impact on the civilian population. This programme aims to encourage the acquisition of armed conflict and peace knowledge that is. Indeed, according to IHL criteria, there have been an IAC between Russia and Ukraine and two NIACs in Ukraine since 2014. Serious violations of international humanitarian and human rights law are. ‘Russia’s invasion of Ukraine did not change our classification of the armed conflicts in the region. In recent decades, armed conflict has blighted the lives of millions of civilians. Europe is also the theatre of an international armed conflict (IAC) between Ukraine and Russia, and of two non-international armed conflicts (NIACs) in Ukraine opposing governmental forces with the self-proclaimed ‘People’s Republics’ of Donetsk and Luhansk in eastern Ukraine. The following military occupations constitute the majority of armed conflicts that are taking place in Europe, four out of seven conflicts: Russia is currently occupying Crimea (Ukraine), Transdniestria (Moldova), as well as South Ossetia and Abkhazia (Georgia), while Armenia is occupying parts of Nagorno Karabakh (Azerbaijan).
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